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Measurement Measurement is finding a number that shows the size or amount of something. We can measure ... Length Length is how far from end to end. Also called Distance. The length of this guitar is about  1 metre  (slightly more than  1 yard ). Volume Volume is the amount of 3-dimensional space an object occupies. Also called Capacity. This jug has exactly  1 litre  of water in it (slightly more than  2 pints ) Mass (Weight) Mass is how much matter something contains. This bar of Gold has a Mass of  1 kilogram  (slightly more than  2 pounds ) (Weight is "Heaviness" ... the downward force caused by gravity on an object.) LET'S EXPLORE LENGTH Length Measuring how long things are, how tall they are, or how far apart they might be are all examples of length measurements. Metric units of length review (mm, cm, m, & km) Millimetres Centimetres Metres Kilometres Small units of length are called milli

. Using Arrays to Show Multiplication Concepts:  An arrangement of objects, pictures, or numbers in columns and rows is called an  array . Arrays are useful representations of multiplication concepts. This array has 4 rows and 3 columns. It can also be described as a 4 by 3 array. This array has 5 rows and 4 columns. It is a 5 by 4 array. Notice that the rows in each array are equal. Think of the rows as equal groups. Your students used equal groups to multiply in second grade. Look at this example. When equal groups are arranged in equal rows, an array is formed. When you show students the connection between equal groups and arrays, students can easily understand how to use arrays to multiply. They will use arrays again later to divide. Look at the multiplication sentence that describes the array below. The numbers in multiplication sentences have special names. The numbers that are multiplied are called factors. The answer is called the pro

Estimation of Whole Number Addition and Subtractio n To  estimate  means to find an answer that is close to the exact answer. The key with  estimation  is to only use it in instances that don’t require an exact answer.  Estimation means to find an answer that makes sense and works with the problem, but is not necessarily exact. You can estimate  sums  (the answers to addition problems), and  differences  (the answers to subtraction problems) .  The first step in estimating a  sum  or a  difference  is to  round  the numbers, by changing them to the nearest power of ten, hundred, thousand, etc. Round the numbers first, then use mental math to estimate an answer. When rounding, follow these rounding rules: When rounding, follow these rounding rules: When rounding, follow these rounding rules: If the number being rounded is less than 5, round down. If the number being rounded is 5 or greater, round up. Some key things to think about when estimating: The estimate m

3 strategies to conquer word problems Stepping through  Solve the worksheet and post the answers in the comment box below.

 Subtraction techniques  Subtraction by "Regrouping" (Also called "borrowing" ) To subtract numbers with more than one digit: write down the larger number first and the smaller number directly below it     making sure to line up the columns! Smaller Number - Bigger Number But what if a column has a  smaller number on the top? How do we do  2 - 5  ? The Solution : Make the "2" larger by "regrouping" (press arrow button): In  32 : the "3" means  3 tens , the "2" means  2 ones , So we: reduce the 3 by  1 increase the 2 by  10 And we get: 2 tens , 12 ones To create your own  simple mind map, you may use  Min d Meister , to try it  click here  AND POST IT IN THE COMMENT BOX

Let's Reflect: Subtraction is ... ... taking one number away from another. Start with 5 apples, then  subtract 2 , we are left with 3 apples. This can be written: 5 − 2 = 3 O ther names used in subtraction are  Minus, Less, Difference, Decrease, Take Away, Deduct. The names of the numbers in a subtraction fact are: Minuend − Subtrahend = Difference Minuend : The number that is to be subtracted from. Subtrahend : The number that is to be subtracted. Difference: The result of subtracting one number from another. Let's revise properties of subtraction: Let's try: Post your answers in the comment box.